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Sport in Chile
Sports in Chile are performed at both amateur and professional levels, practiced both at home and abroad to develop and improve, or simply represent the country. Football is the most popular sport in Chile, and is played for a range of reasons. 〔(Chile ), nettspansk.uib.no. Retrieved January 15, 2009.〕 However, the country's most successful sport is tennis.〔(Tenis Chileno, punto de quiebre ), Televisión Nacional de Chile. Retrieved January 15, 2009. 〕 In rural areas, Chilean rodeo is the most practiced sport in Chile, which is the national sport, and is considered to be the second most popular sport, after football .〔(Conozca los orígenes del rodeo chileno y la falta de recursos que le aqueja ), Proaraucanía, September 13, 2007〕 Chile has achieved great international success in other sports, and there have been important figures, however, such exploits are not known to the general population because they are not sports that have been popular throughout the country.
== History ==
The first sport played in Chile was ''palín'' (similar to hockey), first practiced by the Mapuche before the discovery and conquest of the country.〔(Reglamento del palín o chueca ), Deportes mapuches. Retrieved January 15, 2009.〕 The game was later called ''Chueca'' by the Spanish conquerors.
Years later Europeans introduced other sports unknown in this country. Valparaíso is Chile's main port, and due to the emerging nitrate industry in the north, it became a crossroads for ships coming from Europe, bringing equipment and personnel for newspapers, firefighting, railroads, steam engines, and others. Immigrants from England, Italy and Spain came to work in the hills mining nitrate. They had traveled to Chile to stay and live, but the immigrants yearned for the customs of the old continent, especially the British. Chilean sport originated in the town of Valparaiso in the second half of the 19th century by the British and their descendents born in Chile, who began to ride horses, and then played cricket. In 1870, badminton and tennis courts had been built. Then rugby and football clubs were created with British names that continue to be used, as Wanderers and Everton are still present in the port and its neighboring city, Viña del Mar.〔(Ficha de Santiago Wanderers de Valparaíso ), Fútbol Chileno. Retrieved January 15, 2009.〕 Sport initially served as a demonstration of spirit and promoted the health of its followers, but later became an expression of entertainment that would gain spectators and fans.
The development of sport was unstable, with no planning by government and without large financial contributions, only the will of those interested. Chile participated among the select countries inaugurating the Modern Olympics in Athens, Greece, where there was no official representation, but a spontaneous presence of a single athlete, Luis Subercaseaux, who arrive dressed in the national colors to run the hundred meter dash, and had been training in outdoor running.〔(La presencia de Chile en los Juegos Olímpicos ), Comité Olímpico de Chile. Retrieved January 15, 2009. 〕 After a hundred years of modern sport, the history of Chile has not produced many world level sports heroes, but by the end of the 20th century, it became clear that the competition was to win. The triumphs in the meantime have been less than many would like, but objectively, more than many would believe.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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